The Ducal Palace of Urbino
The work that has most immortalized the memory of
Federico da Montefeltro was initially entrusted, at half of '400, to the Florentine
Maso di Bartolomeo, who was occupied to connect it to the ancient
Palace of Jole, the Duke's residence until then.
But it is to the next action of the Dalmatian architect Luciano Laurana that we owe the grand project of
building in the form of city, where the refined sense of aesthetics and proportions of Renaissance were combined with the most advanced housing technologies and the most effective military engineering.
The distinctive feature of the building, so characteristic in the definition of the profile of the town, is certainly the facade with
Torricini, which lightens with its thin verticality the grandeur of the mass, in relation to the sequence of the elegant central loggias.
Inside, it opens up the famous
Court of Honour, a masterpiece of classical harmony and composure, from which, through the grand
Staircase, you lead to the staterooms, which culminate in the imposing splendor of the
Throne Hall.
But the wonders appears to be symbolically concentrated in the small yet magnificent
Studiolo, created for the meditation of the Duke among portraits of famous men, wishing to inspire his thoughts and deeds.
Amazing is the inlaid wooden furniture with effect of illusion of perspective, on drawings by
Botticelli.
The construction was subsequently extended with a second floor in the sixteenth century by the architect
Girolamo Genga, however, altering the original examplary appearance of first project.
In addition to the richness of the furniture, the palace was full of original works of art of immense value, scattered today among the most important museums of the world, and boasted a rich library of over 2000 illuminated volumes, constituting one of the most important treasure chest of Renaissance.
Despoiled especially after going to the Holy See, the nakedness of the structure makes it stand out even more architectural expertise, culminating in the invention of the environment for household use, with advanced hydraulic systems that powered the bathrooms and the kitchens, and a singular
Neviera (apparatus to collect the snow).
Allocation in the building of the
National Gallery of Marche has allowed a partial recovery of the original profusion of art, with works by
Paolo Uccello,
Justus of Ghent,
Raphael and
Titian, as well as important collections of paintings, stone sculptures, terracotta, polychrome and gilded wood, inlaid panels, furniture, tapestries, drawings and engravings from the fourteenth to the seventeenth century.
Stand out, in particular, the two masterpieces by Piero della Francesca, the
Flagellation and the
Madonna of Senigallia, besides the famous
Ideal City, attributed to Laurana, symbol of the urban aesthetics of Renaissance.